SCADA Certification Exam

What Is SCADA?

SCADA stands for supervisory control and data acquisition. It is a control system architecture that consists of computers, networked data communications, and graphical user interfaces for high-level machine and process supervision. Sensors and other devices that interface with process plant or machinery are also covered, such as programmable logic controllers. The capacity of a SCADA system to supervise a range of other proprietary devices is one of its most important features.

The SCADA principle can be used to create large and small systems alike. Depending on the application, these systems can have anywhere from a few tens to a few thousand control loops. Industrial, infrastructure, and facility-based processes are all examples of processes, as seen below:

Manufacturing, process control, power generation, fabrication, and refining are examples of industrial processes that can be operated continuously, batch-wise, repetitively, or discretely.

Water treatment and distribution, wastewater collection and treatment, oil and gas pipelines, electric power transmission and distribution, and wind farms are just a few examples of infrastructure activities that are either public or private.

Buildings, airports, ships, and space stations all have processes that they use. Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, access, and energy consumption are all monitored and controlled by them.

SCADA systems, on the other hand, may have security flaws, thus they should be reviewed to identify risks and remedies put in place to mitigate them.

Salary Range of An SCADA Professional

Depending on the experience level and the demographic area, the salary of a SCADA Professional varies widely.

The following is the average SCADA Professional Salary in USA:

The following is the average SCADA Professional Salary in India:

What Is SCADA Certification?

SCADA Certification assesses a person's knowledge of the SCADA language as well as their understanding of digital concepts. A variety of certifying authorities, ranging from government agencies to commercial enterprises and organisations, offer the SCADA certification. Certifications are normally obtained by the completion of an online or offline exam.

All certificates have their own set of benefits, such as international recognition, career opportunities, freelancing, and so on. So, SCADA certification is an online exam that evaluates a Professional's skills and knowledge in order to match them with the suitable opportunities.

Why should you take this Online SCADA Certification?

The online SCADA certification from Loopskill will assist you in becoming a certified Professional. You can take this exam and by scoring 70% you will become an internationally certified SCADA Professional. This certification will help you in three different ways:

• You can demonstrate your SCADA certification to potential employers and can stand out of the crowd.
• You can apply for great jobs using loopskill website or app; moreover, our partners companies will contact you directly for full-time or part-time opportunities depending on your skills & requirements.
• Loopskill is not just a platform to get certified or to find full time jobs; here being a certified Professional you can also do freelancing for the clients around the globe. You will be approached by the clients who need your help in building some web based platform or some app based platform.

The loopskill’s online SCADA certification is created to help people in exploring and achieving their full potential so they can get connected to the best opportunities around the globe.

Main Features of SCADA

Intelligent Alarming

Only important alarms are displayed to the operator using intelligent and combinatorial algorithms for filtering alarms.

Web Connectivity

An Internet Web interface allows casual users to view system displays and data.

SCADA study mode

Real-time snapshot sets that have been previously saved can be reloaded and examined on tabular and single-line diagrams.

SCADA Playback

The SCADA system from monarch provides for the recording and live playback of real-time system data and events.

Automating Switching Power Flow Analysis

During switching operation and prior to control execution, an advisory quick automatic power flow is offered.

Filtering of a Real-Time State Estimator

At the scan periodicity, real-time telemetry can be substituted by filtered state approximated data.

Reassignment of Telemetry

Switching between real-time and estimated data is possible using the display selection option.

Visualization of Data

Using simple common sense graphics, powerful data visualization techniques enable for effective knowledge of system state.

Access to NOMADIC

Low-speed dial-up connections can be used to access real-time displays on remotely attached PCs and laptops.

Querying Data and Alarms

Advantages & Disadvantages of SCADA

Pervasive connectivity and wide-area connectivity

At first, SCADA uses radio, modem, or serial cable lines to communicate data. SCADA data is now transferred through Ethernet or TCP/IP. For mobile control system capability, SCADA computer networks provide wide-area access without exposing critical data to the Internet, because once the link is established, the device can reply.

Routable

Supporting data communications mechanisms utilities are required in the architecture of a SCADA-based control system. It could be deployed between the control center and the field equipment. Currently, security implementations are generally led by single suppliers and require a methodology. Routable control systems tend to focus on specific protocols, resulting in an environment with a variety of security solutions that may only cover a few communication protocols, increasing the utility's operational burden.

Polling in parallel

If the RTU has information that needs to be reported, the SCADA system Master Station can scan it consecutively and deliver short messages to each RTU. The scan cycle takes about 7 seconds to complete (maximum 10 seconds). Scan cycle that runs across all of the system's remote terminals. When a Master Station issues an order to an RTU, all RTUs will receive it, but only the RTU whose address matches the command will be able to execute it. The parallel system polling is the name for this system.

Redundancy and High Temperature

Another benefit of standby SCADA systems is the ability to limit the quantity of data exchanged between the Master Station and the RTU. This is accomplished by an exception reporting mechanism in which only certain data is given when data changes that exceed the limit setting, such as the frequency value, which can only be considered modified if it changes by 0.05 Hertz. So, if the value of the change is very little, it will be judged that the frequency has not changed. This is done to anticipate the system's hysteresis features, allowing the real frequency value to be read clearly.

Broad variety of addressing

A approach that incorporates the user interface to data stored in the PLC memory locations given is required for a decentralized SCADA system. When data is collected from a variety of sensors, controllers, and databases (which may be local or connected from multiple locations), a vast addressing range is required. One of the advantages of web-based SCADA is the wide range of addresses available.

Integration of IT to Automation and Monitoring Networks 

IT integration with automation and monitoring networks SCADA facilities are required for real-time operation control. A SCADA system comprises of a number of RTUs (Remote Terminal Units), a Master Station / RCC (Regional Control Center), and data telecommunication networks between RTU and Master Station.

Standardization

SCADA communication is governed by a protocol; while antiquity employed a proprietary protocol in accordance with its SCADA makers, there are now certain defined protocol standards, so there is no need to worry about communication compatibility difficulties again.

Internet SCADA or Web-Based SCADA has a number of drawbacks.

The address given on computer networks and network equipment that uses TCP / IP is known as an IP address. IP addresses are made up of four sets of decimal numbers that are 32-bit binary values. IP addresses are classified into five categories, spanning from A to E. Web-based SCADA has a very large number of hosts. 1.xxx.xxx.xxx IP range. - 126.xxx.xxx.xxx, there are 16,777,214 (16 million) IP address.

Concerns about security

If not done with supervision and discipline, today's SCADA-based control system is highly insecure. The first answer was to utilize VPNs (Virtual Private Networks), which can give the appropriate level of security, but the level of danger is considerable if the link is already connected to the wide area network. Stuxnet is a sophisticated program that was created with code that is so intricate and capable of exploiting some operating system weaknesses at the same time as the target of large-scale / industrial attacks.

Important Topics to Learn & Master in SCADA

PLC SCADA Course Contents

• Introduction to PLC SCADA
• Digital Electronics Basics
• PLC Fundamentals, PLC Hardware and Architecture
• Wiring Different field Devices to PLC
• Creating applications with Programming Software
• Programming Languages, Basic Instructions
• Load/and/or/out/and Read/Write instructions
• Compare/Add/Sub/And/or -blocks instructions
• Move, File Handling, Timer, Counter block
• Master control/set/reset function
• Advance Instructions
• Upload/Download/Monitoring of programs
• Forcing of I/OS, Fault finding/troubleshooting and documentation
• Monitoring/Modifying Data table values
• Communication with SCADA software
• Hands on experience on real time applications

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

• Introduction to SCADA software
• Creating New SCADA Project
• Creating database of Tags
• Creating and Editing Graphic display
• Attaching controls to graphic objects sizing, Blinking, Filling
• Analog Entry, Movement of objects, Visibility
• Real time and Historical Trending
• Creating Alarms and Events
• Application of scripts
• Communication with PLC/excel/different protocols
• Net DDE Communication
• Fault finding/Troubleshooting

Panel Designing and Auto Cad

• Introduction to switch gears and accessories
• Basics of control and power drawings
• General protection involved in panel
• Load management (connected load, running load, load factor)
• Indications (Ammeter, Volt Meter, PF and KW Meter etc.)
• Preparation of general arrangement diagrams, busbar sizing
• Electrical Protection
• Preparation of power and control circuits
• General wiring guidelines/practices
• Maintenance and troubleshooting of control circuits in live panels

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